{"id":382,"date":"2017-04-24T10:47:22","date_gmt":"2017-04-24T15:47:22","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/my.vanderbilt.edu\/cpml\/?page_id=382"},"modified":"2020-10-11T20:45:13","modified_gmt":"2020-10-12T01:45:13","slug":"nsf-plr-1341428","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/my.vanderbilt.edu\/cpml\/research\/nsf-plr-1341428\/","title":{"rendered":"NSF PLR 1341428 &#8211; Collaborative research: Simulating iceberg calving from ice shelves using damage mechanics"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2><strong>Overview<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>The objective of this proposal is to develop a unified physics-based model, coupling the fracture\u00a0and flow processes in ice shelves, for predicting the location and propagation rate of crevasses\u00a0and the iceberg calving cycle. Currently, the processes that lead to disintegration and retreat of\u00a0ice shelves are poorly understood and evaluated by empirical models that do not capture the true\u00a0physics. This has the potential to lead to inaccurate projections of the freshwater fluxes to the ocean\u00a0over short decadal time scales and, through the dynamic coupling between floating and grounded\u00a0ice, sea level rise. To achieve our objective we propose to:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Develop a physically consistent and\u00a0computationally feasible finite element formulation that simulates fracture of ice shelves. The formulation\u00a0is based on an experimentally validated constitutive damage model for simulating tensile\u00a0creep fracture of ice accounting for hydrofracture from surface melt, basal crevasses due to seawater\u00a0pressure within crevasses;<\/li>\n<li>Develop a temporal and spatial coupling\u00a0schemes for prescribing the kinematic boundary conditions from observations and for evolving\u00a0and advecting fractures sequentially over longer periods of time;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><b>Publications<\/b><\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li>S. Jimenez, J.N. Bassis, R. Duddu, &#8220;An updated-Lagrangian damage mechanics formulation for modeling the creeping\u00a0flow and fracture of ice sheets&#8221; Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering, 313: 406-432, 2017, doi:\u00a010.1016\/j.cma.2016.09.034\u00a0<a style=\"color: #ff0000\" href=\"http:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0045782516303140\" target=\"_blank\">(link)<\/a><\/li>\n<li>M.E. Mobasher, R. Duddu, J.N. Bassis, H. Waisman, &#8220;Modeling hydraulic fracture of glaciers using continuum damage mechanics.&#8221; Journal of Glaciology, 62(234): 794-804, 2016, doi: 10.1017\/jog.2016.68\u00a0<span style=\"color: #ff0000\"><a style=\"color: #ff0000\" href=\"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1017\/jog.2016.68\" target=\"_blank\">(link)<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li>S. Jimenez and R. Duddu, \u201cOn the evaluation of the stress intensity factor in calving models using linear elastic fracture mechanics.\u201d Journal of Glaciology, First view, 2018,\u00a0doi: 10.1017\/jog.2018.64 <span style=\"color: #ff0000\">(<a style=\"color: #ff0000\" href=\"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1017\/jog.2018.64\">link<\/a>)<\/span><\/li>\n<li>K. Maisha, V. K. Devendiran, C. Morency, and R. Duddu. &#8220;An Analysis of Ice Sheet-Ice Shelf Mechanics through Finite Element Models&#8221; Young Scientist (a\u00a0high school research journal),\u00a08(1): 28-31, 2018 <span style=\"color: #ff0000\"><a style=\"color: #ff0000\" href=\"https:\/\/cdn.vanderbilt.edu\/t2-my\/my-prd\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/754\/2018\/07\/AnalysisIceSheetShelf_YS.pdf\">pdf<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li>R. Duddu, S. Jimenez and J. N. Bassis. &#8220;A nonlocal continuum poro-damage mechanics model\u00a0for hydrofracturing of surface crevasses in grounded glaciers.&#8221; Journal of Glaciology, 2020,\u00a0doi:\u00a010.1017\/jog.2020.16\u00a0(<a style=\"color: #ff0000\" href=\"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1017\/jog.2020.16\">link<\/a>)<\/li>\n<li>V. Devendiran and R. Duddu, &#8220;A phase field model for simulating mixed-mode fracture\u00a0of brittle materials\u00a0under uniaxial and biaxial compression.&#8221; in preparation.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2><b>Presentations<\/b><\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li class=\"O2\">R. Duddu, &#8220;Implementing calving laws based on linear elastic fracture mechanics in CISM.&#8221; CESM Annual Workshop 2018, Boulder, CO, June 18 &#8211; 21, 2018.<\/li>\n<li class=\"O2\">S. Jimenez, V. K. Devendiran and R. Duddu. &#8220;Phase-field approach to brittle fracture propagation in glaciers.&#8221; ASCE EMI 2018 Conference, Boston, MA, May 29 &#8211; June 1, 2018.<\/li>\n<li class=\"O2\">S. Jimenez and R. Duddu. &#8220;Continuum damage mechanics approach to water-filled crevasse propagation in glaciers.&#8221;\u00a0ASCE EMI 2018 Conference, Boston, MA, May 29 &#8211; June 1, 2018.<\/li>\n<li class=\"O2\">R. Duddu, S. Jimenez and J. N. Bassis. &#8220;Continuum damage mechanics approach to penetration of water-filled surface crevasses.&#8221; American Geophysical Union, Fall Meeting 2017, Abstract #C23B-1216, New Orleans, December\u00a011 &#8211; 15\u00a0, 2017.<\/li>\n<li class=\"O2\">R. Duddu, &#8220;Damage mechanics approach to\u00a0crevasse propagation and iceberg calving.&#8221; WAIS\u00a0Workshop 2017, Camp Casey, WA, October\u00a08 &#8211; 11, 2017.<\/li>\n<li class=\"O2\">R. Duddu, &#8220;Damage mechanics modeling of crevasse propagation and calving.&#8221; CESM Annual Workshop 2017, Boulder, CO, June 19 &#8211; 22, 2017.<\/li>\n<li class=\"O2\">\n<div class=\"O2\">S. Jimenez, R. Duddu and J. N. Bassis. &#8220;An updated-Lagrangian nonlocal damage mechanics formulation for modeling ice sheet flow and fracture\u00a0,&#8221;\u00a0ASCE EMI 2017 Conference, San Diego, CA, May 29th &#8211; June 1st, 2018.<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"O2\">R. Duddu, &#8220;Damage mechanics modeling of crevasse propagation in glaciers and ice sheets.&#8221; Department of\u00a0Geological And Atmospheric Sciences,\u00a0Iowa State University, IA, March 7, 2017.<\/li>\n<li class=\"O2\">R. Duddu, &#8220;Damage mechanics approach to modeling fracture: Applications to Antarctic ice sheets and composite fatigue.&#8221; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, February 23, 2017.<\/li>\n<li class=\"O2\">R. Duddu, &#8220;Virtual experimentation and testing: Using computer simulation to analyze, test, design and predict.&#8221; The School for Science and Math at Vanderbilt, Nashville, TN, September 29, 2016.<\/li>\n<li class=\"O2\">M.E. Mobasher, R. Duddu, J.N. Bassis, H. Waisman, &#8220;Modeling hydraulic fracture of ice\u00a0shelves using continuum damage mechanics.&#8221; ASCE EMI\u00a02015\u00a0Conference, Nashville, TN, May 22-25, 2016.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2><b>FEniCS and C++ codes<\/b><\/h2>\n<p>The updated-Lagrangian damage mechanics formulation by\u00a0Jimenez et al., (2017) is implemented in the open-source finite element software FEniCS (<a href=\"https:\/\/fenicsproject.org\">https:\/\/fenicsproject.org<\/a>). Here we provide the input files and codes that are used to generated the results in this\u00a0paper.<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Nonlinear Stokes Flow in FEniCS package (<a href=\"https:\/\/cdn.vanderbilt.edu\/t2-my\/my-prd\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/754\/2017\/07\/Nonlinear-Stokes-Flow-in-FEniCS.zip\">NSFF.zip<\/a>)\u00a0provides the FEniCS program for simulating creep flow driven surface\u00a0crevasse propagation\u00a0in an idealized rectangular domain along with the\u00a0user manual, sample meshes and post-processing subroutines.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/cdn.vanderbilt.edu\/t2-my\/my-prd\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/754\/2017\/07\/van_der_veen.cpp_.zip\">Van_der_Veen.cpp_.zip<\/a>\u00a0provides the C++ code for estimating the\u00a0surface crevasse penetration depth using the linear elastic fracture mechanics approach of van der Veen (1998a)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/cdn.vanderbilt.edu\/t2-my\/my-prd\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/754\/2017\/07\/weertman.cpp_.zip\">Weertman.cpp_.zip<\/a> provides the C++ code for estimating the surface crevasse penetration depth using the dislocation based fracture mechanics approach of Weertman (1973).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>For more details on fracture and damage mechanics approaches\u00a0refer to our publications by Jimenez et al. (2017) and Jimenez et al. (in prep.)<\/p>\n<p>The damage mechanics for hydraulic fracture by Mobasher et al., (2016)\u00a0was originally implemented\u00a0in the open-source finite element software FEAP (<a href=\"http:\/\/projects.ce.berkeley.edu\/feap\/\">http:\/\/projects.ce.berkeley.edu\/feap\/<\/a>).\u00a0We have recently implemented this framework into FEniCS and here we provide the input files and codes only for FEniCS. The FEAP codes can be made available upon email request.<\/p>\n<h2><b>Analogue experiments<\/b><\/h2>\n<p>Ice sheet dynamics can be studied and demonstrated using laboratory experiments on non-Newtonian fluids and soft elastic solids. Recently, we\u00a0used a soft elastic silicone raft floating in a tank of corn syrup solution was an analogue of a floating ice shelf (see figure below) inspired by\u00a0the work of Sayag and Worster (2011). This work was done as a part of existing summer research programs for undergraduates and high school students at Vanderbilt University. Using experimental and computational methods (laser profilometry and\u00a0finite element modeling in COMSOL), students investigated the relationship between groundling line, basal slope and seawater level.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/cdn.vanderbilt.edu\/t2-my\/my-prd\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/754\/2017\/04\/FloatingShelf.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-451\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.vanderbilt.edu\/t2-my\/my-prd\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/754\/2017\/04\/FloatingShelf.jpg\" alt=\"FloatingShelf\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h2><b>Students<\/b><\/h2>\n<table border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"175\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cdn.vanderbilt.edu\/t2-my\/my-prd\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/754\/2013\/08\/Stephen_Jimenez1.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-137\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.vanderbilt.edu\/t2-my\/my-prd\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/754\/2013\/08\/Stephen_Jimenez1-150x150.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" \/><\/a><\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<h4><strong><span style=\"color: #000000\">Stephen Jimenez<\/span><\/strong><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000\">Ph. D., Graduated: December\u00a02017<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000\">Research\u00a0project:\u00a0Updated-Lagrangian full Stokes damage mechanics model of crevasse propagation<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<table border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"175\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cdn.vanderbilt.edu\/t2-my\/my-prd\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/754\/2013\/08\/vignesh.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-370\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.vanderbilt.edu\/t2-my\/my-prd\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/754\/2013\/08\/vignesh.jpg\" alt=\"vignesh\" width=\"151\" height=\"174\" \/><\/a><\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<h4><strong><span style=\"color: #000000\">Vignesh Kumar Devendiran<\/span><\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>Ph. D. student, Graduated: June 2019<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000\">Research project: Phase field modeling\u00a0of damage evolution\u00a0in ice shelves<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<table border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"175\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-414\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.vanderbilt.edu\/t2-my\/my-prd\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/754\/2017\/04\/IMG_88722.jpg\" alt=\"IMG_8872\" width=\"155\" height=\"155\" \/><\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<h4><strong><span style=\"color: #000000\">Connor Morency<\/span><\/strong><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000\">Undergraduate student, Class of 2019<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000\">Summer research project:\u00a0Analogue experiments and finite element\u00a0simulation of ice shelf fracture<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<table border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"175\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-409\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.vanderbilt.edu\/t2-my\/my-prd\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/754\/2017\/04\/4c6e4d17febb92cec27b.jpg\" alt=\"Kristi Maisha\" width=\"155\" height=\"155\" \/><\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<h4><strong><span style=\"color: #000000\">Kristi Maisha<\/span><\/strong><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000\">High school student at <a href=\"http:\/\/www.vanderbilt.edu\/cso\/ssmv\/\">SSMV<\/a>\u00a0(junior);\u00a0<\/span>Undergraduate student, Class of 2022<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000\">Research project:\u00a0Finite element modeling of a floating ice shelf as a elastic beam<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Overview The objective of this proposal is to develop a unified physics-based model, coupling the fracture\u00a0and flow processes in ice shelves, for predicting the location and propagation rate of crevasses\u00a0and the iceberg calving cycle. Currently, the processes that lead to disintegration and retreat of\u00a0ice shelves are poorly understood and evaluated by empirical models that do&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1249,"featured_media":0,"parent":65,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"tags":[],"class_list":["post-382","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/my.vanderbilt.edu\/cpml\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/382","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/my.vanderbilt.edu\/cpml\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/my.vanderbilt.edu\/cpml\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/my.vanderbilt.edu\/cpml\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1249"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/my.vanderbilt.edu\/cpml\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=382"}],"version-history":[{"count":42,"href":"https:\/\/my.vanderbilt.edu\/cpml\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/382\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":629,"href":"https:\/\/my.vanderbilt.edu\/cpml\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/382\/revisions\/629"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/my.vanderbilt.edu\/cpml\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/65"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/my.vanderbilt.edu\/cpml\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=382"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/my.vanderbilt.edu\/cpml\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=382"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}