Question: A 48-year-old man was referred to our hospital for further evaluation and treatment of recurrent abdominal pain and hematochezia. He was treated 15 years ago with interferon alpha for infection with hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 1; however, the treatment failed to eradicate the virus. He also had renal dysfunction caused by membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis 5 years ago. Since then, he has been treated with prednisolone and cyclosporine. Six months before referral to our hospital, he visited a neighboring hospital with complaints of leg purpura and abdominal pain.