Resident macrophages are derived from yolk sac precursors and seed the liver during embryogenesis. Native cells may be replaced by bone marrow precursors during extensive injuries, irradiation and infections. We investigated the liver populations of myeloid immune cells and their location as well as the dynamics of phagocyte repopulation after full depletion. The effects on liver function due to the substitution of original phagocytes by bone marrow-derived surrogates were also examined.