Recurrence rates in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients selected for liver transplantation have drastically improved after the Milan criteria were established. However, about 10% of these patients still experience a recurrence within 5 years.1 For these patients, systemic therapy with sorafenib often remains the only option available. However, sorafenib treatment is associated with only a modest improvement of survival and its employment is limited by untoward effects often determining treatment discontinuation (see the recently published paper by Bruix et al2 for review).