Monthly Archives: December 2017
Loss of PTEN and Activation of Kras Synergistically Induce Formation of Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasia From Pancreatic Ductal Cells in Mice
Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasias (IPMN) are precancerous cystic lesions that can develop into pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas (PDACs). These large macroscopic lesions are frequently detected during medical imaging, but it is unclear how they… Continue reading
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No Significant Association Between Proton Pump Inhibitor Use and Risk of Stroke After Adjustment for Lifestyle Factors and Indication
Proton pump inhibitors (PPI) are among the top 10 most-prescribed medications worldwide. We investigated the association between PPI use and ischemic stroke. Continue reading
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Krüppel-like Factor 5, Increased in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma, Promotes Proliferation, Acinar to Ductal Metaplasia, Pancreatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia, and Tumor Growth in Mice
Activating mutations in KRAS are detected in most pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas (PDACs). Expression of an activated form of KRAS (KrasG12D) in pancreata of mice is sufficient to induce formation of pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanINs)—a … Continue reading
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JTC801 Induces pH-dependent Death Specifically in Cancer Cells and Slows Growth of Tumors in Mice
Maintenance of acid–base homeostasis is required for normal physiology, metabolism, and development. It is not clear how cell death is activated in response to changes in pH. We performed a screen to identify agents that induce cell death in a pH-dep… Continue reading
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Metaplastic Cells in the Stomach Arise, Independently of Stem Cells, via Dedifferentiation or Transdifferentiation of Chief Cells
Spasmolytic polypeptide-expressing metaplasia (SPEM) develops in patients with chronic atrophic gastritis due to infection with Helicobacter pylori; it might be a precursor to intestinal metaplasia and gastric adenocarcinoma. Lineage tracing experiment… Continue reading
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Determining Risk of Barrett’s Esophagus and Esophageal Adenocarcinoma Based on Epidemiologic Factors and Genetic Variants
We developed comprehensive models to determine risk of Barrett’s esophagus (BE) or esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) based on genetic and non-genetic factors. Continue reading
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Tumor Necrosis Factor-producing T-regulatory Cells are Associated With Severe Liver Injury in Patients With Acute Hepatitis A
CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ T-regulatory (Treg) cells control immune responses and maintain immune homeostasis. However, under inflammatory conditions, Treg cells produce cytokines that promote inflammation. We investigated production of tumor necrosis factor (TNF… Continue reading
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Regular Use of Aspirin or Non-Aspirin Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs Is Not Associated With Risk of Incident Pancreatic Cancer in Two Large Cohort Studies
Use of aspirin and/or non-aspirin nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) reduces the risk of several cancers, but it is not clear if use of these drugs is associated with risk of pancreatic cancer. Continue reading
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Mechanisms of Damage to the Gastrointestinal Tract From Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can damage the gastrointestinal tract, causing widespread morbidity and mortality. Although mechanisms of damage involve the activities of prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 1 (PTGS1 or COX1) and PTGS1 (C… Continue reading
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Platelets Are Critical Drivers of Illness Behaviors During Liver Inflammation
Inflammatory diseases are often accompanied by behavioral changes or “sickness behaviors” that include apathy, social withdrawal, fatigue, and loss of appetite. These behaviors have likely evolved as protective adaptations to help deal with the acu… Continue reading
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