Monthly Archives: February 2019
09 THE ROLE OF TUFT CELL SPECIFICATION AND FUNCTION IN INFLAMMATORY ILEITIS
Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) and its subtype Crohn’s disease (CD) arise due to a loss of tolerance to environmental antigens in genetically susceptible individuals. Longitudinal analysis of CD incidence has identified an inverse correlation betwe… Continue reading
10 A VARIANT OF CHOLERA TOXIN B SUBUNIT ENHANCES COLON EPITHELIAL WOUND HEALING VIA AN UNFOLDED PROTEIN RESPONSE
Cholera toxin B subunit (CTB) exhibits multifaceted biological activity in the mucosa via binding to GM1 ganglioside on intestinal epithelial cells. We recently found that a recombinant variant of CTB, which contains an artificial KDEL endoplasmic reti… Continue reading
11 EPITHELIAL IDO1 MODULATES AHR AND NOTCH SIGNALING TO ENHANCE SECRETORY CELL DIFFERENTIATION AND ALTERS MUCUS-ASSOCIATED MICROBIOTA
Inflammation, injury, and infection upregulate intestinal expression of the tryptophan metabolizing enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1). In most disease models, IDO1 activity dampens inflammatory responses, reduces host injury and promotes reco… Continue reading
12 SEROTONIN MODULATES ARYL HYDROCARBON RECEPTOR (AHR) ACTIVATION IN THE INTESTINE BY INTERFERING WITH CYP1A1-MEDIATED CLEARANCE OF AHR LIGANDS
Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) is a neurotransmitter and hormone that has many important physiological functions throughout the body. In the gastro-intestinal tract, 5-HT regulates electrolyte and fluid homeostasis, visceral sensation, motility … Continue reading
13 DEFICIENT ACTIVITY OF A GOBLET CELL-SPECIFIC BK-TYPE POTASSIUM CHANNEL ENHANCES SUSCEPTIBILITY TO DSS-INDUCED COLITIS IN MICE
Goblet cells (GC) contribute critically to intestinal barrier function and mucosal immune homeostasis. GC dysfunction is linked to human inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, the cellular mechanisms that regulate GC function are incompletely under… Continue reading
P122 EPITHELIAL TLR4 PROMOTES OXIDATIVE STRESS VIA NADPH OXIDASE ACTIVATION AND INDUCES REDOX-SENSITIVE PATHWAYS DURING TUMORIGENESIS
Dysbiosis and accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) are hallmarks of ulcerative colitis (UC) and have been associated with tumor progression. We have previously shown that UC patient biopsies and colorectal adenomas overexpress toll-like recept… Continue reading
P123 LACTOBACILLUS ACIDOPHILUS MODULATION OF MOUSE INTESTINAL TIGHT JUNCTION BARRIER: ROLE OF TOLL-LIKE RECEPTOR-2 (TLR-2)
Lactobacillus acidophilus (LA) is one of the most commonly used probiotics that has been shown to improve the mucosal immune response and protect against pathogens permeation. Few studies suggested that LA may have beneficial effect on intestinal tight… Continue reading
P124 MICRORNA-24 IS OVEREXPRESSED IN ULCERATIVE COLITIS AND SIGNIFICANTLY AFFECTS INTESTINAL BARRIER FUNCTION
The integrity of tight junctions is an important part of gastrointestinal health, as they are key to maintaining the intestinal barrier. In Ulcerative Colitis (UC), the intestinal barrier is compromised, leading to increased permeability for bacteria a… Continue reading
P125 MIR-21-5P AND MIR-146A-5P ARE DEREGULATED IN INFLAMED TERMINAL ILEUM OF TREATMENT-NAÏVE PEDIATRIC PATIENTS WITH CROHN’S DISEASE
Deregulation of intestinal microRNAs (miRNAs) have been reported in adult and, in the last years, also in pediatric patients with Crohn’s disease (CD). We performed a literature search and chose 4 miRNAs from five relevant studies as candidates for a… Continue reading
P126 MULTIPLE SIGNALING PATHWAY DEFECTS IN THE INTESTINAL STEM CELL NICHE LIKELY TRIGGER CD-LIKE ILEITIS IN SAMP1/YITFC MICE
Intestinal epithelial barrier dysfunction is considered as a risk factor in the pathogenesis of Crohn’s disease (CD), and since there is no FDA approved therapy available, there is a need for identifying a relevant model to study and test therapies t… Continue reading