Tumor secreted extracellular vesicles regulate T-cell costimulation and can be manipulated to induce tumor specific T-cell responses

Colorectal Cancer is a major cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Immune checkpoint blockade therapies are effective in 30-60% of the microsatellite instable-high subtype. Unfortunately, most colorectal cancer patients (>85%) have microsatellite stable tumors, that do not respond. In this study, we aim to decipher the underlying tumor intrinsic mechanisms critical for improving immunotherapy in colorectal cancer.