Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a disorder marked by chronic, relapsing inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. Although the precise etiology of IBD is unclear, pathogenic immune response to the gut microbiota is considered a contributing factor. The importance of the gut microbiota in the development of intestinal inflammation has been previously shown through associative studies that correlate dysbiosis of the gut microbiota with active IBD, particularly through the loss of fiber-fermenting obligate anaerobes, an increased presence of pathobionts, and an overall decrease in microbial species diversity.