Macrophages are the first line of defense against self-stimuli and non-self-pathogens and adopt diverse activation states by reprogramming their cell metabolism and thereby polarizing their phenotypes in order to drive their pro-inflammatory or pro-resolving responses. As the key gatekeeper of intestinal immune homeostasis, macrophage polarization has an important effect on maintaining tissue homeostasis with inducing resolution, and therefore macrophages phenotype alteration by modulating their cellular metabolism might be a novel therapeutic approach in IBD.