The current paradigm in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) diagnostics is based on peripheral biomarkers such as C-reactive protein and fecal calprotectin that achieve low sensitivity and specificity for intestinal inflammation. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are lipid-enveloped particles involved in inter tissue and cell-cell interactions. They also have unique properties reflecting the metabolic and phenotypic nature of the producer cells. Recent data revealed that surface proteins on intestinal epithelial cells-derived EVs can be detected in the peripheral blood.