Approximately 60% of adults over the age of 60 have diverticulosis, of whom 5% will experience complications such as diverticulitis or diverticular bleeding. There are an estimated 300,000 hospital admissions per year in the United States for diverticulitis (Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2013;11:1609-13). Despite this burden of disease, risk stratification and prevention strategies for diverticulitis are lacking. Based on the observation that diverticulitis prevalence is significantly higher in developed countries where diets are typically low in fiber, it has been hypothesized that high fiber intake is protective.