Fiber under-consumption in the American population has been associated with a rise in several gastrointestinal diseases. In this study, we focused on Ulcerative Colitis (UC) which currently affects 1 million Americans needing effective preventive and treatment strategies. Short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production by fiber fermentation is linked to an improved gut barrier function. However, physicochemical properties of fibers such as rate of fermentability, solubility, and structure complexity can influence SCFA levels and fiber tolerance by UC patients.