Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a common, complex and chronic condition of the GI tract. Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are the two main forms of IBD. Dysregulated immune response due to alterations in microbial composition in genetically susceptible individuals has gained momentum as the etiology of IBD. Studies have shown that pre-treatment stool microbial dysbiosis is present in IBD. A fecal microbial dysbiosis index using only few taxa has been proposed as a screening tool to diagnose and monitor IBD but the potential of this index to classify or monitor disease is limited.