Author Archives: Gastroenterology Journal
UNIQUE GENE EXPRESSION IN GUT-DERIVED PHAGOCYTIC IMMUNE CELLS FROM IBD PATIENTS
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), including Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), have a complex immunopathogenesis involving chronic, dysregulated inflammation of the gut in response to commensal microbes. Current therapies, such as Anti-… Continue reading
THE TIGHT JUNCTION PROTEIN ZO-1 REGULATES MITOTIC SPINDLE ORIENTATION TO ENABLE EFFICIENT MUCOSAL REPAIR
The intestinal damage can be caused by physical, infectious, and immune-mediated injury. Rapid repair, which is essential for a return to mucosal homeostasis, depends on rapid epithelial migration, i.e., restitution, as well as epithelial proliferation… Continue reading
PRO-INFLAMMATORY MOLECULAR AND INFLAMMATORY MECHANISMS OF SULFUR METABOLISM IN IBD-RELEVANT CLOSTRIDIA SPECIES
Sulfur metabolism is emerging as a signature of IBD gut microbiota. Overrepresentation of sulfur-reducing bacteria (SRB) in IBD results in SRB-derived epithelial toxic H2S production that can overwhelm the body’s detoxification capacity, leading to imp… Continue reading
SPROUTY2 INHIBITS EXPRESSION OF THE HOST DEFENSE PEPTIDE RELMβ IN THE COLONIC EPITHELIUM
Sprouty2 (Spry2) is an inflammation-responsive regulator of intracellular signaling that is suppressed in colitis. Loss of Spry2 levels leads to increased colonic tuft and goblet cell numbers; cell types protective against injury and infection. In part… Continue reading
GENETIC SUSCEPTIBILITY TO IBD OPERATES VIA CONTROL OF APICAL JUNCTIONAL COMPLEXES
Intestinal permeability is increased in unaffected 1st degree relatives of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and is considered a risk factor for the development of IBD, likely increasing the interactions between intestinal microorganisms … Continue reading
PROTON PUMP INHIBITORS (PPI) INDUCES COLONIC TIGHT JUNCTION BARRIER (TJ) DYSFUNCTION VIA AN UPREGULATION OF TJ PORE FORMING CALUDIN-2 PROTEIN
Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are highly effective antagonists of gastric acid secretion and are widely used to treat a number of gastroesophageal disorders, including peptic ulcer disease, GERD, and Barrett’s esophagus. PPI-induced elevation in intra-… Continue reading
ELEVATED ADENOMATOUS POLYPOSIS COLI IN GOBLET CELLS IS ASSOCIATED WITH INFLAMMATION IN MOUSE AND HUMAN COLON
Adenomatous Polyposis Coli (APC) functions as an essential colon tumor suppressor. Roles for APC in other disease states such as Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) remain less defined. In the process of characterizing Apc protein in gastrointestinal tiss… Continue reading
METHYLTRANSFERASE SMYD5 EXAGGERATES INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE BY REGULATING PPAR-γ COACTIVATOR 1-α STABILITY
The expression and role of methyltransferase SET and MYND domain-containing protein 5 (SMYD5) in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) is completely unknown. Here, we investigated the role and the underlying mechanism of epithelial SMYD5 in IBD pathogenesi… Continue reading
CLONAL EPIGENETIC MOSAICISM: MECHANISM FOR CROHN’S DISEASE HETEROGENEITY
Crohn’s disease is a chronic heterogenous disorder with patients showing complex phenotypes and highly variable response to therapies. GWAS studies have identified hundreds of genetic factors associated with the disease but the precise mechanism with w… Continue reading
VISCERAL FAT INDEX INFORMS RISK OF MEDICALLY REFRACTORY IBD AND NEED FOR SURGERY IN PATIENTS STARTING ANTI-TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR (TNF) THERAPY
Increased visceral adipose tissue (VAT) is associated with systemic inflammation through amplified production of pro-inflammatory cytokines like TNF-α and interleukin-6. Higher visceral fat index (VFI), which is the ratio of VAT to subcutaneous adipose… Continue reading