{"id":25,"date":"2018-04-19T11:12:30","date_gmt":"2018-04-19T16:12:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/my.vanderbilt.edu\/vuwal\/?page_id=25"},"modified":"2018-06-05T14:17:00","modified_gmt":"2018-06-05T19:17:00","slug":"joining-of-dissimilar-materials","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/my.vanderbilt.edu\/vuwal\/research\/joining-of-dissimilar-materials\/","title":{"rendered":"Joining of Dissimilar Materials"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Balancing weight and strength has always been a materials design challenge and<br \/>\nresearchers continue to push the bounds with new high strength alloys. New high<br \/>\nstrength alloys allow manufacturers to dream of how to make things stronger, smaller<br \/>\nand lighter weight. These new materials are used as part of an overall design and<br \/>\nmust be joined to other dissimilar materials. For example, joining aluminum to steel<br \/>\nwould greatly benefit car manufacturing by reducing weight to save on gasoline costs.<br \/>\nHowever, current welding methods are difficult or impossible between these materials<br \/>\nbecause of the different material properties.<\/p>\n<p>Joining dissimilar materials such as aluminum to steel is a common problem in many<br \/>\nindustries. VUWAL is working to extend the application of Friction Stir Welding (FSW)<br \/>\nand Friction Stir Spot Welding(FSSW) to join dissimilar metals and address the three<br \/>\nmajor issues associated with this: 1) vastly different material properties, 2) the<br \/>\nformation of intermetallic compounds, and 3) increased tool wear due to contact with<br \/>\nhard materials. Applications of FSW could provide a cost effective and efficient way<br \/>\nof joining dissimilar materials.<\/p>\n<p><b>Friction Stir Extrusion (FSE)<sup>1<\/sup><\/b><\/p>\n<p>FSE utilizes the plastic flow of FSW to extrude the softer of the two materials<br \/>\ninto a preformed groove of the harder material. The process forms a mechanical bond<br \/>\nand avoids many of the disadvantages of other joining methods. The same methods can<br \/>\nbe extended to join plastics to metals, metal matrix composites to metals, or any<br \/>\nother set of materials where one of them can be extruded. The shape of the slot can<br \/>\nbe optimized for the application.<\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100%\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-223 alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.vanderbilt.edu\/t2-my\/my-prd\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2814\/2018\/04\/FSEresultsgraph.jpg\" alt=\"FSEresultsgraph\" width=\"300\/\" \/><\/td>\n<td><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-224 alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.vanderbilt.edu\/t2-my\/my-prd\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2814\/2018\/04\/FSEtensionfailure.jpg\" alt=\"FSEtensionfailure\" width=\"300\/\" \/><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><b><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-225\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.vanderbilt.edu\/t2-my\/my-prd\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2814\/2018\/04\/FSEtoolsandsurface.jpg\" alt=\"FSEtoolsandsurface\" width=\"300\" \/>Friction Stir Riveting (FSR)<\/b><\/p>\n<p>FSR is an extension of FSE that uses double-sided Friction Stir Spot Welding (FSSW)<br \/>\nto create a viable alternative to current riveting processes. In FSR, dissimilar<br \/>\nmaterials are joined by extruding material through a preformed hole. One application<br \/>\nis to create a preformed hole in a sheet of steel and then layer it with a sheet of<br \/>\naluminum on either side. A double-sided FSSW is performed at the location of the hole<br \/>\nand material from both aluminum sheets flows into the hole and form a rivet like<br \/>\nmechanical fastener.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-237\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.vanderbilt.edu\/t2-my\/my-prd\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2814\/2018\/04\/InitialWelds.jpg\" alt=\"InitialWelds\" width=\"600\" \/><br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-244\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.vanderbilt.edu\/t2-my\/my-prd\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2814\/2018\/04\/MHTwoHoleetched.jpg\" alt=\"MHTwoHoleetched\" width=\"600\" \/>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Bibliography<\/h3>\n<p>1. Evans WT, Gibson BT, Reynolds JT, Strauss AM, Cook GE. Friction Stir Extrusion: A new process for joining dissimilar materials. Manuf Lett 2015;5:25\u20138.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Balancing weight and strength has always been a materials design challenge and researchers continue to push the bounds with new high strength alloys. New high strength alloys allow manufacturers to dream of how to make things stronger, smaller and lighter weight. These new materials are used as part of an overall design and must be&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7503,"featured_media":0,"parent":17,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"tags":[],"class_list":["post-25","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/my.vanderbilt.edu\/vuwal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/25","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/my.vanderbilt.edu\/vuwal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/my.vanderbilt.edu\/vuwal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/my.vanderbilt.edu\/vuwal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7503"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/my.vanderbilt.edu\/vuwal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=25"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/my.vanderbilt.edu\/vuwal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/25\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":307,"href":"https:\/\/my.vanderbilt.edu\/vuwal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/25\/revisions\/307"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/my.vanderbilt.edu\/vuwal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/17"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/my.vanderbilt.edu\/vuwal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=25"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/my.vanderbilt.edu\/vuwal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=25"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}